“The black keys are just extra notes — the white ones are the real ones.”
Common mistakes
Would you have made these?
Each card is something a real learner said. Decide whether it’s right before you read why — most of them sound right, which is exactly what makes them common. Every one is taken apart in a lesson.
Major vs minor: why some music sounds happy and some sad10 mistakes
“C to D and E to F are the same size step — they're next to each other in the alphabet.”
“If you sing it starting on a higher note, it's not really the same song any more.”
“Some notes are sad notes and some are happy ones.”
“Major and minor chords must be made of completely different notes.”
“A minor chord is just the same chord played lower down, or more quietly.”
“Minor keys are the ones where you play the black keys.”
“C major and A minor use exactly the same notes, so they're really the same scale.”
“It's in a minor key, so it's a sad song.”
“Minor sounds sad to everyone, everywhere — it's built into the notes themselves.”
Why compound growth is bigger than it looks10 mistakes
“The interest is paid on the money I put in, not on the interest it's already made.”
“10% a year on £1,000 is £100 a year, so after 30 years I'd have about £4,000.”
“£1,000 can double quickly, but a million would take far longer to double.”
“At 7% a year it'll take about 14 years to double — 100 divided by 7.”
“After 20 of the 40 years I'll be about halfway to the final amount.”
“If it grew £1,000 in the first ten years, it'll grow about £1,000 in each ten years after that.”
“Starting ten years later out of forty only costs me about a quarter of the final amount.”
“If I start late I can just put the same amount in later and end up in the same place.”
“A 1% fee is nothing — it's only 1% of what I've got.”
“7% against 5% — that's only 2% more, so I'd end up with a bit more, not twice as much.”
Average vs median: when the average misleads you11 mistakes
“The average salary there is £80,000, so most people must earn somewhere around £80,000.”
He's only one person out of hundreds, so his pay can't shift the average by much.
“Mean, median, average — they're all just different words for the same thing.”
“If the best-paid person gets a big rise, the median pay goes up too.”
“Mean or median, it hardly matters — they'll be within a few percent of each other anyway.”
“Only a handful of people earn millions, so they can't be what's pushing the average income up.”
“If the average and the median are that far apart, somebody must have got the figures wrong.”
“If I want to know what a normal nurse earns, I'll look up the average nurse's salary.”
“The median is the honest figure. Anyone who quotes the mean is trying to fool you.”
“Seven in ten staff are paid less than the average? Then seven in ten are being underpaid.”
“Just tell me the average salary and I'll know what I'd be paid there.”